DOI: 10.33547/ODA-SAH.12.Kaz.16
Zawartość prób archeobotanicznych z naczyń grobowych z okresu wpływów rzymskich oraz z wypełniska rowu kultury trzcinieckiej ze stanowiska 12 w Kazimierzy Wielkiej (Contents of soil samples from burial vessels from the Roman period and the fill of the Trzciniec culture ditch from site 12 in Kazimierza Wielka)
by Maria Lityńska-Zając 
In: Marcin M. Przybyła, Anita Szczepanek, Joanna Zagórska-Telega (eds) 2024. Kazimierza Wielka, stanowisko 12. Od neolitycznej osady do cmentarzyska z okresu wpływów rzymskich (Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne 12), pp. 329–332. Pękowice – Kraków: Wydawnictwo Profil-Archeo.
Archaeobotanical analyses have been conducted on 19 samples from site 12 in Kazimierza Wielka. The examined materials came from the Trzciniec culture ditch and vessel fills preserved in inhumation graves dating back to the Roman period. Some of the examinated samples contained charred and uncharred remains, and nine of them did not contain any plant material. These were two samples from the Trzciniec
culture ditch and seven samples from vessels found in three burials dated to the Roman period. Charred remains present in the Trzciniec culture feature allowed the identification of only four plant specimens. They represented two species of herbaceous plants: goosefoot (Chenopodium album) and the white campion (Melandrium album) and a piece of oak charcoal (Quercus sp.) (Table 1). Their presence within the feature is probably the result of filling it with material from dragged hearths or fireplaces. Similarly, a small amount of plant remains in ditches also appears at other Trzciniec culture sites. In the graves from the Roman period, millet caryopsis (Panicum miliaceum) has been observed. It is the only representative of cereals. Additionally, the charcoal of two species: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), and two genera of trees: birch (Betula sp.) and oak (Quercus sp.) were found. There were also undetermined specimens, including small and not very numerous fragments of charcoal and pieces of bark. The presence of charred remains in inhumation graves suggests that plant remains could have entered the burial vessels together with the soil used to fill the grave. Therefore, their connection with materials from the Roman period is not certain. Among the uncharred remains, there were fruits or seeds belonging to six species of herbaceous plants: goosefoot (Chenopodium album), wild buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus), motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca), redshank (Polygonum persicaria), common buttercup (Ranunculus acris), corn spurry (Spergula arvensis), and the spikelets of the cockspur (Echinochloa crusgalli). The uncharred remains were fresh and well preserved and probably constituted contamination of a younger chronology.