Osada ludności kultury amfor kulistych na stan. 63 w Krzczonowicach, pow. ostrowiecki. Z badań nad zapleczem osadniczym pradziejowych kopalń krzemienia pasiastego / A settlement of the Globular Amphora culture people at site 63 in Krzczonowice, Ostrowiec county. From studies of the settlement base for prehistoric mines of striped flint
by Urszula Jedynak, Artur Jedynak 
, Kamil Kaptur
DOI: 10.33547/SeTII.11
In: A. Jedynak (ed.) 2023. Krzemionki. 100 lat od odkrycia (Silex et Ferrum II), pp. 269–292. Sudół – Pękowice: Muzeum Historyczno-Archeologiczne w Ostrowcu Świętokrzyskim/Wydawnictwo Profil-Archeo.
Archaeological excavations in Krzczonowice, Ćmielów commune, Ostrowiec county, site 63, lying in the north part of the Sandomierz Upland are a part of a programme of research devoted to studying the infrastructural support for mines of striped flint. The programme includes ground surveys of archaeological sites in the basin of the lower course of the River Kamienna and inventorying the latest data from rescue excavations, archaeological supervision of excavations and chance finds. In the years 2006 – 2011, during five excavation seasons, an area of about 7 ares was excavated and geophysical surveys of 3.5 ha were carried out. 45 archaeological features were recorded, of which 20 were evidence that settlements of the Globular Amphora culture existed here. Altogether, 7637 movable finds were obtained. Among the most interesting discoveries were the sacrificial burial of a cow, a deposit containing roughouts of core tools from striped flint, and shells of the Caucasotachea vindobonensis snail. Most significantly, it was concluded that the site was a permanent multi-seasonal settlement, at least 1.5 ha in area and excavations confirmed its range in an easterly direction. Both the style of the pottery and its dating by thermoluminescence places the settlement in the beginning of the younger phase of the Globular Amphora culture. Malacological finds discovered solely in features of the Globular Amphora culture suggest that the area around the settlement was open, covered with xerothermic grassland used for grazing. From the frequency of occurrence of flint material, typical for settlements, we may initially conclude that the Krzczonowice site was only slightly connected with the prehistoric flint mining in the eastern part of the Iłża Foothills. This is another reason for undertaking further studies into the ties between particular settlements and flint mines, and their role in the settlement system of the Globular Amphora culture in the Kamienna river basin.