DOI: 10.33547/Aegypt2025.13
Not only rubbish Some remarks on the final occupation stage at Tell el-Farkha
by: Agnieszka Mączyńska 
in: M.A. Jucha, J. Dębowska-Ludwin, G. Bąk-Pryc (eds), Per vias Aegypti et Orientis Medii. Studies Presented to Krzysztof M. Ciałowicz, Kraków: Institute of Archaeology Jagiellonian University, Archaeologica Foundation, Profil-Archeo Publishing House, 2025, pp. 153-163.
Abstract: Tell el-Farkha in the eastern Nile Delta is best known for the remains of the Predynastic and Protodynastic occupation. The site is a rich source of evidence illustrating social, economic, political, and ideological processes taking place in the Egyptian Nile Valley and the Delta in the 4th and partly the 3rd millennia BC. The settlement’s decline began in the middle of the Early Dynastic period, and in the early Old Kingdom the site was finally abandoned. Focusing on the youngest phases of occupation at Tell el-Farkha, this paper presents the result of the analysis of a ceramic assemblage recovered from a rubbish dump on the Central Kom, formed probably in the late Early Dynastic and used continuously throughout the early Old Kingdom period. The ceramic materials collected during its exploration provide some insights into Tell el-Farkha’s decline as well as some hints that may indicate the exact timing of its end.