DOI: 10.33547/Aegypt2025.16
Egypt. Qasr el Sagha. Flint implements of Fayum A and B. Mineralogical examination of tools retouching and traces of their work
by: Maciej Pawlikowski 
in: M.A. Jucha, J. Dębowska-Ludwin, G. Bąk-Pryc (eds), Per vias Aegypti et Orientis Medii. Studies Presented to Krzysztof M. Ciałowicz, Kraków: Institute of Archaeology Jagiellonian University, Archaeologica Foundation, Profil-Archeo Publishing House, 2025, pp. 189-194.
Abstract: This article concerns flint tools found in the Qasr el-Sagha area, located northwest of the current Lake Fayum and belonging to cultures which developed there between the end of the VIth millenium – the first half of IVth millenium BC. In the analysis of selected samples digital microscopy, mineralogical microscopy, scanning microscopy, spot chemical analyzes using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy were used. Selected results of studies were presented. Observations focused on measuring the size of impact marks and translating the obtained data into the impact force of the person making the tool. Remains of substances were found in the cracks and examined using the SEM-EDS method.